Companies and research institutes have developed vaccines against the pandemic pathogen in record time. A vaccine already has emergency approval, and a handful are about to do so. Technology Review presents the finalists in its January edition, who has already ordered them and what the overall race looks like.

273 Covid – 19 – Vaccines are currently being developed (Including “Others”, see table). The range of attack strategies ranges from complete virus particles through individual components to packaged pathogen genetic material (status: 7. 12. 2020).

(Image: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)

The Vaccine development phases are usually long. Research and development take around 8 – 17 years, the development costs are between 300 and 800 million euros.

(Image: BASG / AGES-Medizin-marktaufsicht / Tucek)

The stage of development is fluid. BioNTech / Pfizer’s vaccine already has its first emergency approvals in the UK (2nd 12. 20), Bahrain (4th 12. 20) and Canada ( 9. 12. 20) receive. Twelve other vaccine candidates are already in development phase 3. It should move on quickly.

(Image: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)

Es are at least 12 vaccine candidates in the final development phase 3 and are accepting approval applications for 2021 / 2022 expect. In addition to the graphic below, the BioNTech / Pfizer vaccine has meanwhile also been used in the USA (11. 12. 20) and Singapore (14. 12. 20) obtained an emergency license. The European Medicines Agency EMA wants its report on 20. Submit December. Admission is for the 23. December expected. In addition to BioNTech / Pfizer, Moderna has also submitted applications for emergency approval.

The manufacturers accelerated the studies by combining phases 1/2 (pink) or 2/3 (green). In some cases, the phases also overlapped (blue). The EMA also checked the results continuously instead of at the very end (rolling review, yellow).

(Image: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)

All Countries have ordered from various vaccine manufacturers in the past few weeks. The most frequently ordered vaccinations differ. We show a selection of the three largest order batches. Germany’s top three are picked out of the EU order basket.

In total, it receives 250 millions of vaccine doses. In addition, Germany has another 30 million doses from BioNTech / Pfizer, 20 million ordered from CureVac and five million from IDT Biologika.

(Image: Duke Global Health Innovation Center)

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